Year: 2026

The paper develops a framework for empirical work on UK limited companies (SME’s). It is grounded in a population-level panel database built over more than three decades, covering the UK company population and now comprising around 60 million company-year observations.The

This paper studies default outcomes and fraud classification in UK COVID-19 government-guaranteed lending using loan-level data on 1,107,934 limited-company facilities under the Bounce Back Loan Scheme (BBLS) and the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Scheme (CBILS). Combining logit models, Cox proportional

The UK equity finance market has grown significantly, with £145.3bn invested across 25,002 companies from 2011 to 2025. ​ However, regional disparities persist, with London dominating 47% of deals and 57% of investment value, while regions like the Midlands and Northern